English Grammar Compound and Complex Sentences

Sentence transformation from Compound to Complex. Worksheet with answers.

Compound Sentence:

A compound sentence contains two or more independent clauses joined together with a coordinator such as for, and or, but. It is distinct from a complex sentence, which is an independent clause that is joined with a dependent clause.

Complex Sentence:

A complex sentence contains an independent clause and at least one dependent clause. 

What are clauses?

Clauses are groups of words with a subject and a verb.

There are two main types.

1. Independent clause: (Main Clause)

These can stand alone and express complete thoughts.

e.g.:

The sun rises in the east.

I drink coffee.

These pizzas taste delicious. 

2. Dependent clause: (Subordinate clause)

A subordinate is a group of words with a subject and a verb and they can’t stand alone because they don’t express complete thoughts.

e.g.:

Whenever the sun rises.

Since I drink coffee.

Because I love pizza.

Transform the following compound sentences into complex sentences.

1. He tried his best, but he didn’t succeed.

2. The clown entered the circus ring and the children started clapping.

3. Take care of the pence and the pounds will take care of themselves.

4. You have to hurry or you will miss the bus.

5. The battle has been won but the war isn’t over yet.

6. The country has made huge progress, but we still have a long way to go.

7. You have to be 18 years old or you can’t vote.

8. Leprosy is curable and everybody knows this.

9. He is a magician from Turkey and he has performed all over the world.

Answers

1. Though he tried his best, he didn’t succeed.

2. When the clown entered the circus ring, the children started clapping.

3. If you take care of the pence, the pounds will take care of themselves.

4. If you do not hurry you will miss the bus.

5. Though the battle has been won, the war isn’t over yet.

6. Although the country has made huge progress, we still have a long way to go.

7. If you are under 18, you can’t vote.

8. Everybody knows that leprosy is curable.

9. He is a magician from Turkey who has performed all over the world.

English Grammar Simple Sentence

Sentence transformation from Complex to Simple. Worksheet with answers.

Simple Sentence:

A simple sentence contains only one Independent clause. It means it doesn’t contain more than one independent clause, and it doesn’t contain any subordinate clause. It expresses one main idea.

Complex Sentence:

A complex sentence contains an independent clause and at least one dependent clause. 

What are clauses?

Clauses are groups of words with a subject and a verb.

There are two main types.

1. Independent clause: (Main Clause)

These can stand alone and express complete thoughts.

e.g.:

The sun rises in the east.

I drink coffee.

These pizzas taste delicious.

2. Dependent clause: (Subordinate clause)

A subordinate is a group of words with a subject and a verb and they can’t stand alone because they don’t express complete thoughts.

e.g.:

Whenever the sun rises.

Since I drink coffee.

Because I love pizza.

Convert each of the following complex sentences into simple sentences.

1. He sold the house that belonged to his father.
2. I have no money that I can lend you.
3. The marks that were left by the whip are still visible.
4. He prospered by the money he inherited from his father.
5. A man who is dead has no worries.

Answers

1. He sold his father’s house.
2. I have no money to lend you.
3. The marks left by the whip are still visible.
4. He prospered by his father’s money.
5. A dead man has no worries.

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English Grammar Complex Sentence

Sentence transformation from Simple to Complex. Worksheet with answers.

Simple Sentence:

A simple sentence contains only one Independent clause. It means it doesn’t contain more than one independent clause, and it doesn’t contain any subordinate clause. It expresses one main idea.

Complex Sentence:

A complex sentence contains an independent clause and at least one dependent clause. 

Combine each set of simple sentence into one complex sentence.

1. I waited for my friend. I waited till he arrived.

2. He hid somewhere. His pursuers could not find him.

3. You are intelligent. I am intelligent.

4. He was not there. I left a message with his mother.

5. We wish to live. We eat for that purpose.

6. She was very tired. She could barely stand.

7. Don’t eat too much. You may fall ill.

8. He started early. He finished late.

9. You must tell me everything. Otherwise I will not be able to help you.

10. I will get ready. Do not go till then.

Answers

1. I waited for my friend until he arrived.

2. He hid where his pursuers could not find him.

3. I am as intelligent as you are.

4. As he was not there, I left a message with his mother.

5. We eat that we may live.

6. She was so tired that she could barely stand.

7. If you eat too much, you may fall ill.

8. Though he started early, he finished late.

9. If you do not tell me everything, I will not be able to help you.

10. Do not go until I get ready.

English Grammar Worksheet Simple Compound Complex

Simple Compound Complex Sentences

State which of the following sentences are compound and which are complex?

1. The house was destroyed in the fire, but the whole family was saved.

2. Walking through the wood, he saw a fox that was following him.

3. If I do not get this job, I will start a business.

4. He said that he was so disappointed that he would not try again.

5. The men who rule the world with their pens are mightier than those who rule the world with their swords.

6. The evil that men do lives after them.

7. All that glitters is not gold.

8. Neither the colour nor the design of this cloth appeals to me.

Answers

1. Compound sentence (Main clause 1 – The house was destroyed in the fire; main clause 2 – but the whole family was saved)

2. Complex sentence (main clause – he saw a fox; subordinate clause – that was following him)

3. Complex sentence (main clause – I will start a business; subordinate clause – if I do not get this job)

4. Complex sentence (main clause – he said; subordinate clause 1 – that he was so disappointed; subordinate clause 2 – that he would not try again)

5. Complex sentence (main clause – the men are mightier; subordinate clause 1 – who rule the world with their pens; subordinate clause 2 – who rule the world with their swords)

6. Complex sentence (main clause – the evil lives after them; subordinate clause – that men do)

7. Complex sentence (main clause – all is not gold; subordinate clause – that glitters)

8. Compound sentence (main clause 1 – neither the design appeals to me; main clause 2 – nor the colour of the cloth appeals to me)

English Grammar Worksheet Simple Compound Complex Sentences

Simple, Compound and Complex Sentences.

State which of the following sentences are compound and which are complex? In the case of a compound sentence, separate the coordinate clauses and mention the conjunction. If the sentence is complex, divide it into its clauses and state the principal clause and the subordinate clause.

1. Donald took out his pen and started writing.

2. The town in which I live is very large.

3. This is the house that Jack built.

4. The Commons passed the bill, but the Lords threw it out.

5. My heart leaps up when I behold a rainbow in the sky.

6. God made the country and manmade the town.

7. She must weep or she will die.

8. He must have done his duty, for he is a conscientious man.

9. Where ignorance is bliss, it is folly to be wise.

10. I went because I was invited.

Answers

1. Compound sentence; coordinate clauses – Donald took out his pen; he started writing; conjunction – and

2. Complex sentence; principal clause – the town is very large; subordinate clause – in which I live

3. Complex sentence; principal clause – this is the house; subordinate clause – that Jack built

4. Compound sentence – coordinate clauses – the Commons passed the bill; the Lords threw it out; conjunction – but

5. Complex sentence; principal clause – my heart leaps up; subordinate clause – when I behold a rainbow in the sky.

6. Compound sentence; coordinate clauses – God made the country; man made the town; conjunction – and

7. Compound sentence; coordinate clauses – she must weep; she will die; conjunction – or

8. Compound sentence; coordinate clauses – he must have done his duty; he is a conscientious man; conjunction – for

9. Complex sentence; principal clause – it is folly to be wise; subordinate clause – where ignorance is bliss

10. Complex sentence; principal clause – I went; subordinate clause – because I was invited

English Grammar Noun Clause Worksheet

Noun Clause

Find out the noun clauses in the following sentences.

1. What he said is of no importance to me.

2. The king said that his minister deserved to be honoured.

3. The news that all was well delighted everyone.

4. It is interesting to notice how soon birds learn the danger of electric wires.

5. The bench of judges declared that the accused was not guilty.

6. The report that only ten persons were killed in the explosion is not true.

7. I want to know how far the station is from here.

8. It is strongly rumoured that plague has broken out.

9. He said that his sister was ill.

10. It is strange that you should think so.

11. I am sure that he is a criminal.

Answers

1. Noun clause – what he said

2. Noun clause – that his minister deserved to be honoured

3. Noun clause – that all was well

4. Noun clause – how soon birds learn the danger of electric wires

5. Noun clause – that the accused was not guilty

6. Noun clause – that only ten persons were killed in the explosion

7. Noun clause – how far the station is from here

8. Noun clause – that plague has broken out

9. Noun clause – that his sister was ill

10. Noun clause – that you should think so

11. Noun Clause - that he is a criminal.