Present Perfect Tense
It is used to expressed an action which happened or completed in past
but usually the action which happened or completed at a short time before now
(near past) not a very long time before now. Specific time such as two years
ago, last week or that day is usually not used in the sentences of in this
tense.
Rules:
Auxiliary verb “has or have” is used in sentence.
3rd form of verb (past participle) is used as main verb in sentence.
Structure of Sentence
Positive Sentence
• Subject + Auxiliary
verb + main verb (past participle) + Subject
• Subject + has/have +
3rd form of verb or past participle + subject
If the subject is “He, She, It, singular or proper name” then auxiliary
verb “has” is used after subject in sentence.
If subject is “You, They or plural” then auxiliary verb “have” is used
after subject in sentence.
Examples
- I have eaten meal
- She has learnt a lesson
Negative Sentence
• Subject + Auxiliary
verb + NOT + main verb (past participle) + Subject
• Subject + has/have +
NOT + 3rd form of verb or past participle + subject
Rules for using auxiliary verb “has or have” in negative sentence are
same as mentioned above.
Examples
- I have not eaten meal.
- She has not learnt a lesson.
Interrogative Sentences
• Auxiliary verb + Subject
+ main verb (past participle) + Subject
• Has/have + Subject +
3rd form of verb or past participle + subject
Interrogative sentence starts with auxiliary verb. If the subject is
“He, She, It, singular or proper name” then the sentence starts with auxiliary
verb “has”.
If subject is “You, They or plural” then the sentence starts with
auxiliary verb “have”.
Examples
- Have I eaten meal?
- Has she learnt a lesson?